Photo: Denali National Park in July. Copyright 2002 Delena Norris-Tull
Legislation signed into law in the 1990s
Summarized by Dr. Delena Norris-Tull, Professor Emerita of Science Education, University of Montana Western, updated June 2022
Nonindigenous Aquatic Nuisance Prevention and Control Act (NANPCA), 1990, as amended
Pub. L. 101-646, Nov. 29, 1990
Amended through P.L. 115–282, December 04, 2018
16 U.S.C. 4701-4730
US Code, Title 16, Conservation
Chapter 67, Aquatic Nuisance Prevention & Control
Sections 4701-4730
Agencies: US Fish & Wildlife Service; US Coast Guard, EPA, Army Corps of Engineers, National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration (NOAH)
This law “established a broad new Federal program to prevent introduction of and to control the spread of introduced aquatic nuisance species and the brown tree snake.” The law regulates ballast-water discharge and treatment. The Federal Agencies must work with the States to form a Task Force to “develop and implement an aquatic nuisance species program to prevent their introduction and dispersal in waters of the U.S.” The Task Force must also develop a program to prevent the introduction of the brown tree snake into the US. This snake is an invasive snake in Guam.
Management of Undesirable Plants on Federal Lands, 1990
Pub. L. 101-624
7 USC 2814
US Code, Title 7, Agriculture
Chapter 61, Noxious Weeds
Section 2814
Agencies: USDA & US Dept. of the Interior (BLM, National Park Service, US Forest Service, US Fish & Wildlife Service)
George Hittle, the first statewide Wyoming Weed and Pest Coordinator, was instrumental in getting this act passed. This law required the Federal land management Agencies to collaborate with the States in developing and implementing management plans for noxious weeds on Federal lands. And it required the Federal Agencies to provide funding to carry out the plans. It was an improvement upon the Federal Noxious Weed Act, 1974. The Plant Protection Act, 2000, was the next significant law related to managing noxious weeds.
“The term ‘undesirable plants’ means plant species that are classified as undesirable, noxious, harmful, exotic, injurious, or poisonous, pursuant to State or Federal law. Species listed as endangered…shall not be designated as undesirable plants under this section and shall not include plants indigenous to an area where control measures are to be taken under this section.”
Under the amendments of the Management of Undesirable Plants on Federal Lands, 1990, all Federal agencies that deal with land management are responsible for developing plans to control noxious weeds, and to collaborate with States to carry out the plans.
Only Section 2814 was retained from the 1974 law: “If an environmental assessment or environmental impact statement is required under the National Environmental Policy Act to implement plant control agreements, federal agencies must complete those assessments or statements within one year after the requirement is known.”
Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act, 1990, as amended
Pub.L. 101-624, Nov. 28, 1990
Amended through Public Law 115-334, December 20, 2018
7 USC 1421-1472
US Code, Title 7, Agriculture
Chapter 35A, Price Support of Agricultural Commodities
Sections 1421-1472
Agencies: USDA; US Dept. of Interior, BLM
“To extend and revise agricultural price support and related programs, to provide for agricultural export, resource conservation, farm credit, and agricultural research and related programs, to ensure consumers an abundance of food and fiber at reasonable prices, and for other purposes.”
Alien Species Prevention and Enforcement Act, 1992
Pub. L. 102-393, Oct. 6, 1992
39 USC 3015 note
US Code, Title 39, Postal Service
Part IV, Mail Matter, Chapter 30, Nonmailable Matter
Section 3015, Nonmailable plant pests and injurious animals
Agencies: Secretary of Agriculture, Secretary of the Interior, Postal Service, & the State of Hawaii
Purpose: “to prevent the introduction of alien species into the State of Hawaii and other areas of the United States.” This Act makes illegal the shipment through US Mail to Hawaii of certain categories of plants and animals, plants and animals whose shipment is prohibited under 18 USC 42; 43, or the Lacey Act, and plants or plant matter whose shipment is prohibited under the Federal Plant Pest Act or the Plant Quarantine Act.
National Invasive Species Act (NISA), 1996
P.L. 104-332, Oct. 26, 1996
16 USC 4701-4730
US Code, Title 16, Conservation
Chapter 67, Aquatic Nuisance Prevention & Control
Sections 4701-4730
Agency: US Department of Homeland Security, Coast Guard; US Dept. of Transportation
The law provides regulations “intended to prevent invasive aquatic species from entering inland waters through ballast water carried by ships.” This law amends NANPCA, 1990.
Previous Sections on Federal Legislation:
Next Sections on Federal & State Laws on Invasive Species:
Legislation signed into law in the 1990s
Summarized by Dr. Delena Norris-Tull, Professor Emerita of Science Education, University of Montana Western, updated June 2022
Nonindigenous Aquatic Nuisance Prevention and Control Act (NANPCA), 1990, as amended
Pub. L. 101-646, Nov. 29, 1990
Amended through P.L. 115–282, December 04, 2018
16 U.S.C. 4701-4730
US Code, Title 16, Conservation
Chapter 67, Aquatic Nuisance Prevention & Control
Sections 4701-4730
Agencies: US Fish & Wildlife Service; US Coast Guard, EPA, Army Corps of Engineers, National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration (NOAH)
This law “established a broad new Federal program to prevent introduction of and to control the spread of introduced aquatic nuisance species and the brown tree snake.” The law regulates ballast-water discharge and treatment. The Federal Agencies must work with the States to form a Task Force to “develop and implement an aquatic nuisance species program to prevent their introduction and dispersal in waters of the U.S.” The Task Force must also develop a program to prevent the introduction of the brown tree snake into the US. This snake is an invasive snake in Guam.
Management of Undesirable Plants on Federal Lands, 1990
Pub. L. 101-624
7 USC 2814
US Code, Title 7, Agriculture
Chapter 61, Noxious Weeds
Section 2814
Agencies: USDA & US Dept. of the Interior (BLM, National Park Service, US Forest Service, US Fish & Wildlife Service)
George Hittle, the first statewide Wyoming Weed and Pest Coordinator, was instrumental in getting this act passed. This law required the Federal land management Agencies to collaborate with the States in developing and implementing management plans for noxious weeds on Federal lands. And it required the Federal Agencies to provide funding to carry out the plans. It was an improvement upon the Federal Noxious Weed Act, 1974. The Plant Protection Act, 2000, was the next significant law related to managing noxious weeds.
“The term ‘undesirable plants’ means plant species that are classified as undesirable, noxious, harmful, exotic, injurious, or poisonous, pursuant to State or Federal law. Species listed as endangered…shall not be designated as undesirable plants under this section and shall not include plants indigenous to an area where control measures are to be taken under this section.”
Under the amendments of the Management of Undesirable Plants on Federal Lands, 1990, all Federal agencies that deal with land management are responsible for developing plans to control noxious weeds, and to collaborate with States to carry out the plans.
Only Section 2814 was retained from the 1974 law: “If an environmental assessment or environmental impact statement is required under the National Environmental Policy Act to implement plant control agreements, federal agencies must complete those assessments or statements within one year after the requirement is known.”
Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act, 1990, as amended
Pub.L. 101-624, Nov. 28, 1990
Amended through Public Law 115-334, December 20, 2018
7 USC 1421-1472
US Code, Title 7, Agriculture
Chapter 35A, Price Support of Agricultural Commodities
Sections 1421-1472
Agencies: USDA; US Dept. of Interior, BLM
“To extend and revise agricultural price support and related programs, to provide for agricultural export, resource conservation, farm credit, and agricultural research and related programs, to ensure consumers an abundance of food and fiber at reasonable prices, and for other purposes.”
Alien Species Prevention and Enforcement Act, 1992
Pub. L. 102-393, Oct. 6, 1992
39 USC 3015 note
US Code, Title 39, Postal Service
Part IV, Mail Matter, Chapter 30, Nonmailable Matter
Section 3015, Nonmailable plant pests and injurious animals
Agencies: Secretary of Agriculture, Secretary of the Interior, Postal Service, & the State of Hawaii
Purpose: “to prevent the introduction of alien species into the State of Hawaii and other areas of the United States.” This Act makes illegal the shipment through US Mail to Hawaii of certain categories of plants and animals, plants and animals whose shipment is prohibited under 18 USC 42; 43, or the Lacey Act, and plants or plant matter whose shipment is prohibited under the Federal Plant Pest Act or the Plant Quarantine Act.
National Invasive Species Act (NISA), 1996
P.L. 104-332, Oct. 26, 1996
16 USC 4701-4730
US Code, Title 16, Conservation
Chapter 67, Aquatic Nuisance Prevention & Control
Sections 4701-4730
Agency: US Department of Homeland Security, Coast Guard; US Dept. of Transportation
The law provides regulations “intended to prevent invasive aquatic species from entering inland waters through ballast water carried by ships.” This law amends NANPCA, 1990.
Previous Sections on Federal Legislation:
- 1930s Federal Laws on Invasive Species
- Federal Seed Act 1939
- 1940s-1960s Federal Laws on Invasive Species
- 1970s Federal Laws on Invasive Species
- 1980s Federal Laws on Invasive Species
Next Sections on Federal & State Laws on Invasive Species: