MANAGEMENT OF INVASIVE PLANTS IN THE WESTERN USA
  • Defining the Problem
    • What is a Weed? >
      • Federal Definitions of Noxious Weeds
    • Costs of invasive plants
    • Human Factor
    • Challenges of Invasive Plants
    • Wildfires in the Western USA >
      • Forest Fires: Structure
      • Bark Beetles & Forest Ecosystems
      • Rangeland Fires
    • Climate Change Impacts on Plants >
      • Climate Change: CO2, NO, UV, Ozone Impacts on Plants
      • Climate Change Impacts on Crops
      • Climate Change Impacts on C4 Plants
      • Climate Change Impacts on Rangeland
    • What are we doing?
  • Focus of this Project
    • Why Western States? >
      • Audience for these reports
    • History: Are we doomed to repeat it? >
      • Dust Bowl Re-visited >
        • China: Past & Present
        • UN Biodiversity Report
    • Policy vs. Practice
    • Ecosystems & Economics >
      • Reductionist Approach to science
      • Ecology & Feminism
      • Systems View of Life
      • Ecosystems Health
      • Economic Growth
      • Impact of the Petrochemical Industry
      • Interrelation of Economics & Ecology
    • Federal Agencies >
      • Federal Agencies and Invasive Species
      • History of Coordination with States
      • Challenges of Coordination between Federal Agencies
      • Collaboration or Confusion
    • Organizations to assist landowners
    • Federal Legislation on Invasive Species >
      • 1930s Federal Laws on Invasive Species
      • Federal Seed Act 1939
      • 1940s-1960s Federal Laws on Invasive Species
      • 1970s Federal Laws on Invasive Species
      • 1980s Federal Laws on Invasive Species
      • 1990s Federal Laws on Invasive Species
      • 2000-2010 Federal Laws on Invasive Species
      • 2011-2022 Federal Laws on Invasive Species
      • Federal Bills on Invasive Species not passed
      • Executive Orders on Invasive Species
      • Federal Excise Taxes
    • State Laws and Lists of Noxious Weeds
    • My Inspirations
  • Why we need plants
    • Native Plants
    • Plant Resources
  • Invasive Success Hypotheses
    • Unified Framework
    • Role of Diversity >
      • How Ecosystems Maintain Diversity
      • Fluctuation Dependent Mechanisms
      • Competition-based coexistence mechanisms
      • Niche Differences
      • Species Richness
    • Enemy Release Hypothesis
    • Constitutive Defense Mechanisms
    • Evolution of Increased Competitive Ability
    • Role of Microbes
    • Indirect Defense Mechanisms
    • Novel weapons hypothesis
    • Evolutionary Shifts
    • Resource Allocation
    • Evolutionary Dynamics >
      • Pre-introduction evolutionary history
      • Sampling Effect
      • Founder Effect
      • Admixture, hybridization and polyploidization
      • Rapid Evolution
      • Epigenetics
      • Second Genomes
    • Role of Hybridization
    • Role of Native Plant Neighbors
    • Species Performance
    • Role of Herbivory
    • Evolutionary Reduced Competitive Ability
    • Summary Thoughts on Research
  • Historical Record
    • Regional Conferences
    • Timeline
  • Innovative Solutions
    • Agricultural Best Practices >
      • Ecologically based Successional Management
      • Perennial Crops, Intercropping, beneficial insects
      • Soil Solarization
      • Natural Farming
      • Permaculture
      • Organic Farming
      • Embedding Natural Habitats
      • Conservation Tillage
      • Crop Rotation
      • Water Use Practices
      • Tree Planting: Pros & Cons
    • Grazing Solutions >
      • Sheep and Goat Grazing
      • Cattle & Sheep Grazing
      • Cattle and Bison Grazing
      • Grazing and Revegetation
    • Rangeland Restoration >
      • Federal Goals for Rangelands
      • Novel Ecosystems
      • Prairie Restoration >
        • Prairie Restoration Workshop
        • Weed Prevention Areas
        • California grassland restoration
        • Selah: Bamberger Ranch Preserve
      • Sagebrush Steppe Restoration >
        • Low Nitrogen in Sagebrush Steppe
      • Revegetation with Native Plants
      • Dogs as detectors of noxious weeds
    • Nudges
  • Biological Control
    • Insects as Biocontrol >
      • Impacts of Biocontrol Agents on Non-Target Species
      • Indirect Impact of Biocontrol on Native Species
    • Challenges of Using Biocontrols >
      • DNA studies on Biocontrol Insects
      • Biocontrol takes time
    • Prioritization process for Biocontrol Programs
    • Evolutionary changes impact Biocontrol
    • Vertebrates as Biocontrol Agents
  • Herbicides: History and Impacts
    • Effectiveness of Herbicides in Agricultural Lands
    • Effectiveness of Herbicides in Rangelands
    • History of Use of Herbicides and Pesticides Prior to and During WWII
    • Herbicide use during and post-World War II >
      • 2,4-D Herbicide Use
      • 2,4-D and 2,4,5-T, post-World War II
    • Modern use of Herbicides >
      • Atrazine Herbicide
      • Dicamba Herbicide
      • Glyphosate Herbicide
      • Paraquat Dichloride
      • Picolinic acid family of herbicides >
        • Picloram (Tordon 22K) Herbicide
        • Triclopyr Herbicide
    • Herbicide Resistance in Invasive Plants >
      • Herbicide Resistant Crops
      • Controlling herbicide-resistant weeds in herbicide-resistant crops
      • Best Management Practices
    • Myth of the Silver Bullet
    • Myth of Eradication
    • Merging of Agrochemical Companies
    • Impacts of Pesticides on Environment and Human Health >
      • Pesticide Drift
      • Impacts of Pesticides on Biological Diversity
      • Impacts of Herbicides on Native Plants
      • Pesticide Impacts on Insects >
        • Butterflies: The Impacts of Herbicides
        • Monarch Butterflies: Impacts of Herbicides
      • Impacts of Pesticides on Wildlife >
        • Reptiles & Amphibians: Pesticide Impacts
      • Pesticide Residue in Foods
    • Funding for Research on Pesticides
    • Commentary on Herbicide Use
  • Interviews
    • Interviews Biocontrol >
      • Biocontrol Wyoming
      • Montana Biocontrol Interview Maggio
      • Montana Biocontrol Interview Breitenfeldt
    • California Interviews >
      • Robert Price
      • Doug Johnson
    • Colorado Interviews >
      • George Beck Interview
      • Scott Nissen Interview
    • Idaho Interviews >
      • Purple Sage Organic Farms in Idaho
    • Montana Interviews >
      • Jasmine Reimer Interview Montana
      • Organic Farms Montana Interviews
    • Texas Interviews
    • Washington Interviews >
      • Ray Willard
    • Wyoming Interviews >
      • Slade Franklin Interview
      • John Samson Interview
    • Wyoming Weed and Pest Districts >
      • Josh Shorb Interview
      • Slade Franklin Interview 2
      • Lars Baker Interview
      • Steve Brill Interview
      • George Hittle Interview
      • Peter Illoway Interview
      • Robert Jenn Interview
      • Sharon Johnson Interview
      • Larry Justesen Interview
      • Gale Lamb Interview
      • Stephen McNamee Interview
      • Allen Mooney Interview
      • Rob Orchard Interview
      • Robert Parsons Interview
      • Dick Sackett Interview
      • Comments by Delena
    • NRCS Interviews: Wyoming
  • Western Weed Control Conference 1940s Minutes
    • 1942 Conference
    • 1945 Conference
    • 1946 Conference
  • Who am I?
    • My Work
    • My Adventures
    • Contact Page
  • Road Logs
    • Colorado Road Logs
    • Idaho Road Logs
    • Montana Road Logs
    • New Mexico Road Logs
    • Texas Road Logs
    • Wyoming Road Logs
  • Bibliography

Federal Agencies with responsibilities related to Invasive Species

Photo: Giant Cane & Salt Cedar along the Rio Grande in Big Bend National Park. Copyright 2017 Delena Norris-Tull

Federal Agencies with responsibilities related to Invasive Species

Summary prepared by Dr. Delena Norris-Tull, Professor Emerita of Science Education, University of Montana Western, June 2022.

Based on a review of the websites for each of the following Federal Agencies and their various Bureaus, Offices, and Services, I have attempted to compile a list of all those that would have to address issues related to invasive species. Some agencies assess the economic impacts of invasive species. Several agencies assess the economic or environmental impacts of pesticides/herbicides. All agencies have to follow the NEPA (National Environmental Protection Act) regulations related to their operations. And several agencies deal with land reclamation or vegetation maintenance, which includes management of invasive species. The Department of Defense research on satellite technologies has enabled States to implement mapping technologies to track the locations of invasive species. It’s almost impossible to think of a Federal Agency that does not have to pay attention to issues related to invasive species.
 
For each Agency, I have included links to the Agency website, followed by links to programs run by that Agency, related to management of noxious weeds or invasive plants. Most of these programs provide grants to landowners and researchers.
 
US Department of Agriculture (USDA) oversees a wide array of Agencies or Services. Many of following address issues related to invasive species or noxious weeds management:
  • Agricultural Research Service (ARS):
          Managing the Spread of Invasive Weeds
  • Agricultural Marketing Service (AMS):
          Seed Regulatory & Testing Division website features a presentation on noxious weeds that has not been updated since 2016.
  • Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS):
          Noxious Weed Program
  • Economic Research Service
           Program of Research on the Economics of Invasive Species Management (PREISM): No programs have been funded since 2008)
  • Farm Service Agency (FSA):
          Conservation Reserve Program (CRP)
          CRP Conservation Practices
  • Food Safety and Inspection Service (I found no programs on invasive plants or noxious weeds on the website).
  • Forest Service (USFS priorities are incorporated in the report published by Dix & Britton, 2010, A dynamic invasive species research vision: Opportunities and priorities 2009-2029.
           A search on the USFS website for “noxious weeds” or “invasive species” located numerous relevant projects.
  • Grain Inspection, Packers, and Stockyards Administration (GIPSA): Following controversial legislation during the Obama Administration, this agency was merged with the Agricultural Marketing Service in 2017.
  • National Agricultural Statistics Service (A search for “noxious weeds” on the website located numerous relevant activities).
  • National Institute of Food and Agriculture (NIFA): Biological Control Program; Rangelands & Grasslands Program; Weed Science; Ecosystems Programs
  • Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS)
          Invasive Species and Pest Management
  • Risk Management Agency (A search for “noxious weeds” or “invasive species” on the website located no activities)
  • Rural Development (A search for “noxious weeds” or “invasive species” on the website located several activities)
 
US Department of Commerce oversees various Bureaus and Offices that address issues related to invasive species management (including the economic impact of invasive species):
  • Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) – I found no services related to noxious weeds or invasive species.
  • Economic Development Administration (EDA) – While I found little information related to invasive species, the EDA provides many grants, some of which fund agricultural innovations.
  • International Trade Administration (ITA) - I found no mention of programs related to noxious weeds or invasive species, but this agency funds market research and should be interested in agricultural innovations to reduce the damage from invasive species.
  • National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) – This Agency provides research on the impacts of weather phenomena and climate change. A search for “noxious weeds” and “invasive species” located numerous relevant NOAA projects.
​ 
US Department of Defense (DOD):
        A search for “invasive species” on the DOD website located a number of relevant activities. The following DOD organizations have to deal with issues related to invasive species:
  • Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA): DARPA Conducts research on chemicals that have led to the development of pesticides/herbicides. Satellite technologies developed by DARPA have aided States in mapping locations of invasive plants.
  • Armed Forces Pest Management Board: This agency is represented on several Federal committees related to invasive species.
  • Army Corps of Engineers: This agency is represented on several Federal committees related to invasive species.
​
U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) 
       
 The DOE oversees various Offices. A search for “noxious weeds” or “invasive species” on the DOE website located a number of relevant activities. The following DOE Offices would all have to address issues related to invasive species (particularly in regards to vegetation management and mining and other land reclamation projects):
  • Office of Environmental Management
  • Office of Fossil Energy & Carbon Management
  • Office of Indian Energy Policy and Programs
  • Office of Nuclear Energy
  • Office of Science
  • Office of Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy
  • Office of Electricity
  • Office of Environment, Health, Safety, & Security
  • Office of Energy Efficiency & Environmental Stewardship
  • Office of Environment, Health, Safety, & Security (EHSS)

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA): 
         Formed in 1970, the EPA oversees various Offices. A search for “noxious weeds” and “invasive species” located some relevant information. The following EPA Offices may address issues related to invasive species management (including pesticide/herbicide regulation and monitoring):
  • Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention
  • Office of Enforcement and Compliance Assurance
  • Office of Information Management
  • Office of International and Tribal Affairs: American Indian Environmental Office
  • Office of Land and Emergency Management
  • Office of Research and Development
  • Office of Resource Conservation and Recovery
  • Office of Water

US Department of Health & Human Services (HHS):
                  The mission of HHS “is to enhance the health and well-being of all Americans, by providing for effective health and human services and by fostering sound, sustained advances in the sciences underlying medicine, public health, and social services.” Among many other services, the HHS oversees various social service programs, such as Head Start, Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF), and oversees all Federal Health Insurance programs.
                  A search for “noxious weeds” or “invasive species” on the HHS website located no relevant programs or activities. The following HHS agencies address invasive species:
  • Food & Drug Administration. The FDA is responsible for regulating and monitoring the safety of agricultural products. A search for “noxious weeds” on the FDA website located some relevant information.
  • Office of the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response, which manages the National Disaster Medical System. But a search for “noxious weeds” or “invasive species” on the ASPR website located no activities.

US Department of Homeland Security
     Coast Guard: A search for “noxious weeds” or “invasive species” on the Coast Guard website located no activities.

US Department of the Interior (DOI)
      The DOI oversees many Bureaus and Offices. The following address issues related to invasive species management:
  • Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA)
           Division of Natural Resources
  • Bureau of Land Management (BLM)
           Weeds & Invasives Program
           National Seed Strategy: “a public-private collaboration to increase the supply of native seeds for restoration projects to ensure ecosystem resilience and the health and prosperity of future generations.” This website provides links to various reports on the availability of native seed.
  • Bureau of Reclamation:
           Integrated Pest Management & Invasive Species Program
           Environmental Resources & Reports
  • Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement:
           Environmental Programs
  • National Park Service (NPS)
          Invasive Plants programs   
          Invasive Plant Management Teams
  • Office of Surface Mining Reclamation and Enforcement:
           Refer to the following Forest Reclamation Advisories:
           Establishing Native Trees on Legacy Surface Mines
           Managing Invasive Exotic Plant Species on Legacy Mine Lands
  • US Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS):
           Farm Bill Conservation Programs
           Safe Harbor Agreements
           Cooperative Agriculture
  • US Geological Survey (USGS)
           Invasive Species Program
           Invasive Plants     

U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) 
​         The DOT oversees various Offices. The following Offices address issues related to invasive species management:
  • Federal Highway Administration (FHWA): A search for “invasive species” on their website located one piece of information that has not been updated since 2000, but they would be responsible for ensuring that highway right-of-ways are free of invasive plants that could cause a safety hazard.
           Some of the following FHWA Offices may address issues related to invasive species:
                    Federal Lands Highway
                    Innovative Program Delivery
                    Planning, Environment, and Realty
                    Policy and Governmental Affairs
                    Research, Development, and Technology
                    Safety
  • Federal Railroad Administration (FRA) is responsible for managing noxious weeds along the railroad right-of-ways. I found no services related to noxious weeds or invasive species on the FRA website.
           The following FRA Offices are likely to address issues related to invasive species:
                  Railroad Safety
                  Research and Development
                  Legislation and Regulations
  • Federal Transit Administration: I found no services related to noxious weeds or invasive species on the FTA website.
  • Maritime Administration (MARAD): I found no services related to noxious weeds or invasive species on the MARAD website, but they would be responsible for enforcing Federal regulations related to the release of ballast water.
  • National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA): I found no services related to noxious weeds or invasive species on the NHSTA website, but they would be responsible for ensuring that highway right-of-ways are free of invasive plants that could cause a safety hazard.

​US Agency for International Development (USAID)
                  USAID Mission: “On behalf of the American people, we promote and demonstrate democratic values abroad, and advance a free, peaceful, and prosperous world. In support of America's foreign policy, the U.S. Agency for International Development leads the U.S. Government's international development and disaster assistance through partnerships and investments that save lives, reduce poverty, strengthen democratic governance, and help people emerge from humanitarian crises and progress beyond assistance.” A search on the USAID website for “noxious weeds” and “invasive species” located numerous projects.
 
USAID has Bureaus and projects worldwide. USAID works with numerous reforestation projects. The Bureau for Resilience and Food Security would also deal with issues of invasive species.   

References:
  • Rees, N.E., Quimby, Jr., P.C., Piper, G.L., Coombs, E.M, Turner, C.E., Spencer, N.R., & Knutson, L.V. (Eds.) (1996). Biological Control of Weeds in the West. Western Society of Weed Science.
  • Sheley, R.L., James, J.J., Rinella, M. J., Blumenthal, D., & DiTomaso, J.M. (2011). Invasive plant management on anticipated conservation benefits: A scientific assessment. In D.D. Briske (Ed.) Conservation benefits of rangeland practices: Assessment, recommendation, and knowledge gaps. (pp. 293-336). USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service.

Next Sections on Federal Agencies:
  • History of Coordination with States
  • Challenges of Coordination between Federal Agencies
  • Collaboration or Confusion

Related Sections:
  • Federal Legislation on Invasive Species
  • State Laws and Lists of Noxious Weeds
Copyright: Dr. Delena Norris-Tull, July 2020. Management of Invasive Plants in the Western USA.

These webpages are always under construction. I welcome corrections and additions to any page.
​Send me an email, and I can send you the original Word format version of any page you wish to correct.
contact Dr. Norris-Tull
Bibliography
who am i?
My work
my inspirations
my adventures
  • Defining the Problem
    • What is a Weed? >
      • Federal Definitions of Noxious Weeds
    • Costs of invasive plants
    • Human Factor
    • Challenges of Invasive Plants
    • Wildfires in the Western USA >
      • Forest Fires: Structure
      • Bark Beetles & Forest Ecosystems
      • Rangeland Fires
    • Climate Change Impacts on Plants >
      • Climate Change: CO2, NO, UV, Ozone Impacts on Plants
      • Climate Change Impacts on Crops
      • Climate Change Impacts on C4 Plants
      • Climate Change Impacts on Rangeland
    • What are we doing?
  • Focus of this Project
    • Why Western States? >
      • Audience for these reports
    • History: Are we doomed to repeat it? >
      • Dust Bowl Re-visited >
        • China: Past & Present
        • UN Biodiversity Report
    • Policy vs. Practice
    • Ecosystems & Economics >
      • Reductionist Approach to science
      • Ecology & Feminism
      • Systems View of Life
      • Ecosystems Health
      • Economic Growth
      • Impact of the Petrochemical Industry
      • Interrelation of Economics & Ecology
    • Federal Agencies >
      • Federal Agencies and Invasive Species
      • History of Coordination with States
      • Challenges of Coordination between Federal Agencies
      • Collaboration or Confusion
    • Organizations to assist landowners
    • Federal Legislation on Invasive Species >
      • 1930s Federal Laws on Invasive Species
      • Federal Seed Act 1939
      • 1940s-1960s Federal Laws on Invasive Species
      • 1970s Federal Laws on Invasive Species
      • 1980s Federal Laws on Invasive Species
      • 1990s Federal Laws on Invasive Species
      • 2000-2010 Federal Laws on Invasive Species
      • 2011-2022 Federal Laws on Invasive Species
      • Federal Bills on Invasive Species not passed
      • Executive Orders on Invasive Species
      • Federal Excise Taxes
    • State Laws and Lists of Noxious Weeds
    • My Inspirations
  • Why we need plants
    • Native Plants
    • Plant Resources
  • Invasive Success Hypotheses
    • Unified Framework
    • Role of Diversity >
      • How Ecosystems Maintain Diversity
      • Fluctuation Dependent Mechanisms
      • Competition-based coexistence mechanisms
      • Niche Differences
      • Species Richness
    • Enemy Release Hypothesis
    • Constitutive Defense Mechanisms
    • Evolution of Increased Competitive Ability
    • Role of Microbes
    • Indirect Defense Mechanisms
    • Novel weapons hypothesis
    • Evolutionary Shifts
    • Resource Allocation
    • Evolutionary Dynamics >
      • Pre-introduction evolutionary history
      • Sampling Effect
      • Founder Effect
      • Admixture, hybridization and polyploidization
      • Rapid Evolution
      • Epigenetics
      • Second Genomes
    • Role of Hybridization
    • Role of Native Plant Neighbors
    • Species Performance
    • Role of Herbivory
    • Evolutionary Reduced Competitive Ability
    • Summary Thoughts on Research
  • Historical Record
    • Regional Conferences
    • Timeline
  • Innovative Solutions
    • Agricultural Best Practices >
      • Ecologically based Successional Management
      • Perennial Crops, Intercropping, beneficial insects
      • Soil Solarization
      • Natural Farming
      • Permaculture
      • Organic Farming
      • Embedding Natural Habitats
      • Conservation Tillage
      • Crop Rotation
      • Water Use Practices
      • Tree Planting: Pros & Cons
    • Grazing Solutions >
      • Sheep and Goat Grazing
      • Cattle & Sheep Grazing
      • Cattle and Bison Grazing
      • Grazing and Revegetation
    • Rangeland Restoration >
      • Federal Goals for Rangelands
      • Novel Ecosystems
      • Prairie Restoration >
        • Prairie Restoration Workshop
        • Weed Prevention Areas
        • California grassland restoration
        • Selah: Bamberger Ranch Preserve
      • Sagebrush Steppe Restoration >
        • Low Nitrogen in Sagebrush Steppe
      • Revegetation with Native Plants
      • Dogs as detectors of noxious weeds
    • Nudges
  • Biological Control
    • Insects as Biocontrol >
      • Impacts of Biocontrol Agents on Non-Target Species
      • Indirect Impact of Biocontrol on Native Species
    • Challenges of Using Biocontrols >
      • DNA studies on Biocontrol Insects
      • Biocontrol takes time
    • Prioritization process for Biocontrol Programs
    • Evolutionary changes impact Biocontrol
    • Vertebrates as Biocontrol Agents
  • Herbicides: History and Impacts
    • Effectiveness of Herbicides in Agricultural Lands
    • Effectiveness of Herbicides in Rangelands
    • History of Use of Herbicides and Pesticides Prior to and During WWII
    • Herbicide use during and post-World War II >
      • 2,4-D Herbicide Use
      • 2,4-D and 2,4,5-T, post-World War II
    • Modern use of Herbicides >
      • Atrazine Herbicide
      • Dicamba Herbicide
      • Glyphosate Herbicide
      • Paraquat Dichloride
      • Picolinic acid family of herbicides >
        • Picloram (Tordon 22K) Herbicide
        • Triclopyr Herbicide
    • Herbicide Resistance in Invasive Plants >
      • Herbicide Resistant Crops
      • Controlling herbicide-resistant weeds in herbicide-resistant crops
      • Best Management Practices
    • Myth of the Silver Bullet
    • Myth of Eradication
    • Merging of Agrochemical Companies
    • Impacts of Pesticides on Environment and Human Health >
      • Pesticide Drift
      • Impacts of Pesticides on Biological Diversity
      • Impacts of Herbicides on Native Plants
      • Pesticide Impacts on Insects >
        • Butterflies: The Impacts of Herbicides
        • Monarch Butterflies: Impacts of Herbicides
      • Impacts of Pesticides on Wildlife >
        • Reptiles & Amphibians: Pesticide Impacts
      • Pesticide Residue in Foods
    • Funding for Research on Pesticides
    • Commentary on Herbicide Use
  • Interviews
    • Interviews Biocontrol >
      • Biocontrol Wyoming
      • Montana Biocontrol Interview Maggio
      • Montana Biocontrol Interview Breitenfeldt
    • California Interviews >
      • Robert Price
      • Doug Johnson
    • Colorado Interviews >
      • George Beck Interview
      • Scott Nissen Interview
    • Idaho Interviews >
      • Purple Sage Organic Farms in Idaho
    • Montana Interviews >
      • Jasmine Reimer Interview Montana
      • Organic Farms Montana Interviews
    • Texas Interviews
    • Washington Interviews >
      • Ray Willard
    • Wyoming Interviews >
      • Slade Franklin Interview
      • John Samson Interview
    • Wyoming Weed and Pest Districts >
      • Josh Shorb Interview
      • Slade Franklin Interview 2
      • Lars Baker Interview
      • Steve Brill Interview
      • George Hittle Interview
      • Peter Illoway Interview
      • Robert Jenn Interview
      • Sharon Johnson Interview
      • Larry Justesen Interview
      • Gale Lamb Interview
      • Stephen McNamee Interview
      • Allen Mooney Interview
      • Rob Orchard Interview
      • Robert Parsons Interview
      • Dick Sackett Interview
      • Comments by Delena
    • NRCS Interviews: Wyoming
  • Western Weed Control Conference 1940s Minutes
    • 1942 Conference
    • 1945 Conference
    • 1946 Conference
  • Who am I?
    • My Work
    • My Adventures
    • Contact Page
  • Road Logs
    • Colorado Road Logs
    • Idaho Road Logs
    • Montana Road Logs
    • New Mexico Road Logs
    • Texas Road Logs
    • Wyoming Road Logs
  • Bibliography